Security Back

  • Security(安全性)衡量一個系統抵抗非法使用的能力或該系統是否存在安全問題.
  • Attack(攻擊): 指嘗試違反系統安全的行為.
  • Nonrepudiation(不可否認性): 指一個事務不能被否認的性質
  • Confidentiality(保密性): 指數據或服務不能被無驗證訪問的性質
  • Integrity(完整性): 指數據或服務提交後不能被隨意修改的性質
  • Assurance(保證性): 指事務被確保完成的性質
  • Availability(可用性): 指系統可用的性質
  • Auditing(審核): 指系統會追尋每一活動的性質

Scenario

  • example:

Tatics(策略)

1. Resisting Attacks(防止攻擊)

  • Authenticate users: 驗證用戶 (密碼, 一次性密碼)
  • Authorize users: 授權用戶
  • Maintain data confidentiality: 維持數據的保密性 (網銀使用https協議, 雙通道/雙因素驗證)
  • Maintain integrity: 維持完整性 (MD5值)
  • Limit exposure: 限制暴露 (關閉端口, 關閉服務, 關閉無線SSID等)
  • Limit access: 限制訪問 (防火牆, MAC地址過濾)

2. Detecting Attacks(檢測攻擊)

  • Intrusion Detection: 入侵檢測
    • Intrusion Detection System(IDS): traffic pattern

3. Recovering from Attacks(從攻擊中恢復)

  • Restoring state: 修復狀態
  • Attacker identification: 識別攻擊者的身份
    • audit trail = copy of transaction + identifying information
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