Some problems of releasing memory in C++ Back

  • remember to create deconstructor of each class.
Class A {
private:
public:
    A() {}
    A(int b) {}

    /* remember to create this as follow */
    ~A() {}
}
  • after using std::vector, clear() is just used to clear data, but the space of memory will still a problem for you. Therefore, remember to use swap() to release memory for each used vectors.
std::vector<T> v;

/* clear func just clears the data but not the space it takes */
v.clear();

/* by calling this func, space will be really released */
std::vector<T>(v).swap(v);
  • when using new to create instances, please remember to release memory by using delete
A a = new A();

/* release */
delete a;
  • some attention points about char*

    • normal situation:

      /* allocate 30 bytes to house a string */
      char* str = new char [30];
      
      /* release */
      delete [] str;
      
    • remember to release when relocate a pointer to another one:

      char* str = new char [30];
      
      str = new char [60];
      
      /* this will only release the next 60 bytes, but not the 30 bytes before */
      delete [] str;
      
    • notice about pointers assignments:

      char* str1 = new char [30];
      char* str2 = new char [40];
      
      strcpy(str1, "memory leak");
      
      /* try not to do this, or you'll never free those 40 bytes of character */
      str2 = str1
      
      delete [] str2;
      /* a disater is comming, and access violation */
      delete [] str1;
      
    • block region will never collect memory after exiting the program:

      void Leak(int x) {
        char* p = new cha [x];
      
        /* if you don't do show, oops, memory leak happens */
        delete [] p;
      }
      
    • delete by itself is just to delete a single object, and delete [] can free the whole array:

      char* one = new char;
      /* something wrong */
      delete [] one;
      
      char* many = new char [40];
      /* something wrong */
      delete many;
      
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