M3U Back

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• 1. Introduction
• 2. Tags

1. Introduction

• M3U is an standard of plain-text files, which is used to record an index. Player is not to play it, but to find video files to play according to the index recorded in M3U file.
• M3U8 is a kind of M3U files with UTF-8 encode.
• M3U is based on a protocol named HLS (HTTP Live Stream)
• A multimedia presentation is specified by a URI [RFC3986] to a Playlist file, which is an ordered list of media URIs and informational tags. Each media URI refers to a media file which is a segment of a single contiguous stream.
• Each ines is terminated by either a single LF (\n) character or a CR (\n) character followed by an LF character, and it maybe a URI, a blank, or starts with the comment character '#'.
  • Tags: begin with '#EXT'
  • Comments: only begin with '#'

2. Tags

2.1 EXTM3U, EXTINF

• Description: To identify what kind of this file. An Extended M3U file is distinguished from a basic M3U file by its first line, which must be #EXTM3U.
  • M3U: #EXTINF
  • Extended M3U: #EXTM3U

• Format:

  • duration: an integer(less than Version 3) or floating-point number in decimal positional notation that specifies the duration of the media file in seconds.

  • title: the title of the media file

    #EXTINF:<duration>,<title>
    

2.2 EXT-X-TARGETDURATION

• Description: To specifie the maximum media file duration, which the EXTINF duration of each media file in the Playlist file must be less than or equal.

• Format:

  • s: an integer indicating the target duration in seconds

    #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:<s>
    

2.3 EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE (optional)

• Description: To indicate the sequence number of the first URI that appears in a Playlist file.

• Format:

  • number: if the playlist does not contain an EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE, it shall be considered to be 0

    #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:<number>
    

2.4 EXT-X-KEY (optional)

• Description: To provide information necessary to decrypt media files that follow it.

• Format:

  • attribute-list
    • URI attribute: to specify how to obtain the key
    • IV attribute: to specify the Initialization Vector to be used with the key (a hexadecimal-integer)

  • method:

    • NONE: An encryption method of NONE means that media files are not encrypted
    • AES_128: An encryption method of AES-128 means that media files are encrypted using the Advanced Encryption Standard [AES_128] with a 128-bit key and PKCS7 padding [RFC5652]. (URI attribute must be present, IV attribute may be present)

    #EXT-X-KEY:<attribute-list>
    

2.5 EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME (optional)

• Description: To indicate whether the client MAY or MUST NOT cache downloaded media files for later replay.

• Format:

  #EXT-X-ALLOW-CACHE:<YES|NO>
  

2.6 EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME (optional)

• Description: To indicate whether the client MAY or MUST NOT cache downloaded media files for later replay.

• Format:

  #EXT-X-ALLOW-CACHE:<YES|NO>
  

2.7 EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE (optional)

• Description: To provide mutability information about the Playlist file

• Format:

  #EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:<EVENT|VOD>
  

2.8 EXT-X-ENDLIST

• Description: To indicate that no more media files will be added to the Playlist file.

• Format:

  #EXT-X-ENDLIST
  

2.9 EXT-X-STREAM-INF (optional)

• Description: To provide mutability information about the Playlist file

• Format:

  • attribute-list

    • BANDWIDTH(need): a decimal-integer of bits per second, which must be an upper bound of the overall bitrate of each media file
    • PROGRAM-ID: a decimal-integer that uniquely identifies a particular presentation within the scope of the Playlist file
    • CODECS(need): a quoted-string containing a comma-separated list of formats, where each format specifies a media sample type that is present in a media file in the Playlist file
    • RESOLUTION: a decimal-resolution describing the approximate encoded horizontal and vertical resolution of video within the stream

    #EXT-X-STREAM-INF:<attribute-list>
    <URI>
    

2.10 EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY (optional)

• Description: To indicate an encoding discontinuity between the media file that follows it and the one that preceded it

• The set of characteristics that MAY change is:

  • file format
  • number and type of tracks
  • encoding parameters
  • encoding sequence

  • timestamp sequence

    #EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY
    

2.11 EXT-X-VERSION

• Description: To indicate the compatibility version of the Playlist file

• Attention: A Playlist file that does not contain an EXT-X-VERSION tag MUST comply with version 1 of this protocol.

  #EXT-X-VERSION:<n>
  

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